二维振荡叶栅非定常粘性流动数值模拟

采用显式四步Runge-Kutta格式，结合Baldwon-Lomax紊流模型求解Navier-Stokes方程，借助运动网格技术，完成了对二维振荡叶栅非定常粘性流动的数值模拟。为了加速求解过程，引入了变系数隐式残差光顺方法，取得了较好效果。数值结果与已公布的数据有很好的一致性。     

球形钨合金破片终点弹道性能实验研究

实验研究了球形钨合金破片的速度衰减规律、爆轰驱动下的变形和破碎、对半无限钢靶的侵彻以及对薄钢靶的贯穿。结果表明:(1)破片长距离(120m)飞行时的衰减系数为常数,阻力系数与破片初速成线性关系;(2)在爆轰驱动下,直径为6.0和7.5mm的破片破碎率为2%～3%,而直径为8.5mm的破碎率为45%;(3)破片长距离飞行后仍有很强的穿甲能力。     

青海哈那里滑坡稳定性研究

通过对哈那里滑坡工程地质勘察,查明了该滑坡由9个滑坡体共同组成,研究了各滑坡体的性质、特征和分类。在此基础上,按稳定性系数对哈那里滑坡稳定性进行了评价。     

应力条件下压电陶瓷损失机理分析

压电陶瓷材料中主要包括三种不同损失,即介电损失、机械损失和压电损失。为了研究这三种损失的机理并由实验方法分别测量这三种损失的大小,本文利用复参数理论对压电陶瓷材料(PZT-4)建立了使用复参数表示的损失理论模型;讨论了三种损失的物理意义并推导了通过测量等效参数分别计算三种损失的具体方法;测量了在应力条件下压电陶瓷等效电路中的谐振点阻抗、反谐振点阻抗、串连电阻和品质因素的变化情况并以此计算出三种损失随应力的变化。     

Fluid Flows past Spheroids at Moderate Reynolds Numbers

Axisymmetric viscous fluid flows past spheroids are considered. The time-independent complete Navier-Stokes equations written in a spherical coordinate system are used for describing the flow. The problem is solved by the stabilization method on the basis of a variable direction scheme. The input coordinate system is transformed in order to construct a regular computational grid. As a result of the numerical investigation, the stream patterns of flow past elongated and oblate spheroids are obtained for various values of the determining parameters. Numerical values of the dimensions of the circulation zone and the drag coefficient are given for various values of the spheroid semi-axis ratio in the domain of moderate Reynolds numbers.     

湍流相干结构的速度与温度特性

本文采用三分量热线同时测量温度和速度的新技术，测量了加热与制冷平板边界层的速度和温度分布，提出了提取相干结构的雷诺应力准则，根据湍流相干结构速度与温度的相关关系，运用子波分析方法首次确定了相干结构的温度特征尺度和波形。对于研究湍流结构相干结构的速度与温度特性，具有重要的意义。此外，本文还应用数字滤波方法对所分析的湍流相干结构进行了滤波处理，确定了相干结构的平均猝发周期，与条件采样方法相比，两者的结果基本一致。本文实验分析结果还表明：壁面温度对湍流相干结构有一定的影响。     

多失效模式重要抽样法的方差分析及应用

在计算结构体系失效概率时,基于Monte-Carlo数值模拟的重要抽样技术已被实践证明是一种非常有效的方法。重要抽样法中估计量的方差是影响收敛速度和计算精度的重要指标,因此重要抽样法的方差分析是非常必要的。对于单模式而言,其方差分析比较容易。对于多模式情况,其方差分析有一定的困难。这有可能影响重要抽样法在多模式结构体系失效概率计算中的应用。本文详细推导了几种常见重要抽样法的方差计算公式。然后用方差分析的概念,阐明了多模式重要抽样法应用中的一些问题。     

颗粒介质的弹塑性动态本构关系研究

本文运用多刚体系统动力学和微结构连续力学的理论方法，考虑了颗粒体的拓扑结构及颗粒体之间的局部非线性相互作用，通过引进恢复系数，导出了适合于大变形运动（包括平动与转动）情况下，颗粒体间的滑移和分离的客观弹塑性本构关系。     

Film thickness measurement with an ultrasonic transducer

A technique for measuring condensate film thickness using an ultrasonic transducer is described. In the experiment, the condensate film thickness with R-113 and FC-72 (a fluorinert compound developed by the 3M Company) condensing on the horizontal lower surface of a rectangular duct was measured at several locations. From the measured values a power law relation between the condensate film thickness and the axial distance from the leading edge of the condensing surface was derived by regression analysis. Assuming a linear temperature profile in the condensate film, local and average heat transfer coefficients were computed from the condensate film thickness. The average heat transfer coefficients were compared with the values obtained by measuring the heat transfer rate to the coolant. The two values were within ±12% of each other. As yet there is no satisfactory analytical model to predict the local heat transfer coefficient even in the annular condensation regime. One of the main difficulties in modeling the condensation is the lack of a suitable model to predict the interfacial shear stress. With the measurement of the film thickness it is possible to determine the interfacial shear stress. It is hoped that the shear stresses so determined will lead to the development of a satisfactory model for interfacial shear stress with condensation.     

Modelling of flow pattern in a shallow aquifer affected by reservoirs

A compartmental model is developed to estimate flow parameters of a shallow aquifer affected by water loads in surface reservoirs and to evaluate its nonsteady flow distribution. The method incorporates temporal piezometric head measurements and sampling of water for dissolved chemicals and isotopes analyses. Each compartment is governed by a set of equations describing the conservation of linear momentum and mass balance expressions for water, isotopes, and dissolved chemicals. The number of compartmental balance expressions always must be greater than that of the unknown flow parameters associated with each compartment. An optimization method is described to yield spatial distribution of aquifer storativity, transmissivity, porosity, leakage, and compliance coefficients and fluxes leaking into an aquifer's lower boundary. Future predictions of an aquifer's piezometric head distribution in a compartmental system is formulated on the basis of the estimated flow parameters and the leakage components.Compartmental modelling which incorporates concentrations of environmental tracers, may yield efficiency in computing resources and accuracy enhancement for predicting an aquifer's flow regime.